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Gene Healy
I really don't know about this new ad from CREEP. The dollop of Reaganite optimism, coming after interspersed images of a raving Al Gore, Hitler, Dick Gephardt and Michael Moore is jarring. And I object to the slogan,"this is not the time for pessimism and rage." Why not? When's a good time?

What's with this fascination with optimism anyway? It's dangerous."As the British psychologist Richard P. Bentall has observed, 'There is consistent evidence that happy people overestimate their control over environmental events (often to the point of perceiving completely random events as subject to their will), give unrealistically positive evaluations of their own achievements, believe that others share their unrealistic opinions about themselves and show a general lack of evenhandedness when comparing themselves to others.''' Does that sound familiar?

I'd respect a politician who said,"My fellow Americans, now is the time for pessimism and rage. For bitter remarks and caustic sarcasm. Now more than ever. Cynicism in defense of liberty is no vice. Optimism in the pursuit of idiocy no virtue."

But for my money, the greatest campaign slogan ever remains the one from the Norman Mailer/Jimmy Breslin 1968 New York mayoral campaign:"No More Bullshit!" I want a bumper sticker.


Friday, June 25, 2004 - 12:33


Roderick T. Long
[cross-posted at Austro-Athenian Empire]

OpenDebates.org is hosting an online petition to include third-party candidates in the presidential debates, as well as to make the debates less like press conferences and more like actual debates.

As of this posting, 6626 people have signed the petition. We can do better.

Click here to sign the petition.

Friday, June 25, 2004 - 12:55


Robert L. Campbell

Over a month ago, I last reported on the situation at the University of Southern Mississippi. It didn't look too good then, for the state’s Institution of Higher Learning Board of Trustees, after chewing Shelby Thames out in a long, closed meeting, ended up publicly reaffirming that he would remain as President of USM. While so many professors were expected to be out of town or preoccupied with research during the summer, the opportunities for administrative misbehavior seemed abundant, and the opportunities for effective resistance sparse.

The prospects are still not very good. USM is going to be in a tailspin so long as Thames remains in charge. But despite the sponsorship he continues to enjoy from a majority on the state College Board, Thames has been badly wounded. Some of the weapons of arbitrary authority are now out of his reach. Others he may still try to use, but at his own peril. And reliable henchpersons are getting harder to find.

Since news has been breaking on many fronts since May 20, I will give an overview here. In subsequent posts, I will take a closer look at the implications for tenure, for protection of email privacy at universities, for the fate of Thames' henchcrew, and for the kind of strategy that will be needed to push him out. And because Thames has two years remaining on his current contract, and apparently believes that he can get a new 4-year contract after that, he will have to be pushed out.

Most importantly, Thames has now lost two members of his"Kentucky Mafia," and been compelled to limit the authority of a third. Jack Hanbury, Thames’"Director of Risk Management," was fired during the first week of May, just after the appeal hearing for Frank Glamser and Gary Stringer. Next to go was Mark Dvorak, whom Thames had installed as Director of Human Resources despite his obvious incompetence in the area. When Hanbury’s firing was announced, informed sources at USM said that Mark Dvorak, Hanbury's old law partner, was out as well. But confirmation of his removal was impossible to obtain, and soon sophisticated"trolls" allied with Mark and Angeline Dvorak were working the old Fire Shelby message board, announcing that Mark Dvorak was still running HR and doing a great job. On May 25, however, the Hattiesburg American ran an article about a new law firm in town, soon to be opened by Jack Hanbury... and Mark Dvorak. While Mark Dvorak claimed to have resigned just three days before the article ran, he had obviously been forced out earlier. In fact, the article retroactively downgraded his title to Interim Director of Human Resources!

Yesterday, the Thames regime announced that the more notorious of the Dvoraks, Angeline, was stepping down from her position as Vice President for Research and Economic Development. She is being replaced in that capacity by Cecil Burge, who by all accounts is actually qualified for the position and should have been hired to it two years ago. Angie Dvorak has been on the skids since shortly before the May 19-20 meeting of the Board that reaffirmed Thames' grip on power.

By June 1 Shelby Thames was seriously exercised to find her a job elsewhere. On June 10, a weekly alternative newspaper, The Independent, reported that he had tried to unload her on the Area Development Partnership:

The Area Development Partnership, the region's economic development arm, has apparently rejected an offer from The University of Southern Mississippi to transfer its controversial vice president for economic development to the ADP staff. And, along with that rejection, ADP has also reportedly turned down USM President Shelby Thames' offer to pay half the salary for Dr. Angie Dvorak at ADP. Thames proposed that Dvorak be moved from her position as USM's Vice President for Research and Economic Development to a position with ADP as director of the proposed new innovation and commercialization park being proposed to attract additional high tech business and industry to the area. . . Sources said Thames made an offer to ADP leaders to pay half Dvorak's salary from foundation funds at the University if she transferred to the ADP staff....

The offer to pay half her salary out of USM Foundation funds was a stunningly corrupt maneuver, even by Thames’ extremely loose standards of financial management. But the ADP couldn’t be prevailed on to take her.

Angie Dvorak also engineered a compromise with the USM Faculty Senate. A Senate committee had questioned her claim to have been tenured at the University of Kentucky. After refusing to let the committee see the vita she had submitted at the time of hiring (unless they got to see it only while she was present, and agreed not to make copies), Dvorak now stated that she had submitted a"business resume" and not an"academic resume" when she applied for the Vice-President position at USM. She had already been compelled to recuse herself from evaluating professors for tenure or promotion (this is part of the VP for Research job at USM, but a part of it she wasn’t qualified for, having never been tenured at 4-year institution).

Unfortunately, Angie Dvorak is still on the USM payroll. She will now be the President of the University Research Foundation. The position is brand-new: managing the foundation was part of her regular duties as Vice President for Research. She will still be getting paid $150,000 a year, for carrying out substantially reduced responsibilities. Her new boss, Cecil Burge, will be getting paid $145,000 a year. While Angie Dvorak will no longer be able to tyrannize over faculty members at USM, she does not deserve to remain at the university in any capacity. As President of the Research Foundation she will still be in a position to issue grossly misleading financial reports and to arrange for new administrators to be paid"off the books." In fact, the new administrative position that was just created for her is part of the trend toward upper administrative expansion that has marked the Thames administration. Apparently, she knows so much about Shelby Thames’ dirty deals that he dare not fire her, even to save his own hide.

Of course, Shelby Thames spied on Frank Glamser and Gary Stringer’s email, then tried to fire them, for questioning statements on Angie Dvorak’s vita that she has now admitted were misleading. And in the settlement imposed on April 28, Glamser and Stringer were pushed into retirement within two years. Frank Glamser has now officially retired from USM; under the settlement he will get two years’ salary as a" consultant." Gary Stringer was just hired by Texas A&M, where he is taking his Donne Variorum project, and its grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. Thames and his chief sponsor, Roy Klumb, had insisted to the media and to the public that Stringer was a criminal, and Thames was apparently convinced that, under the settlement, Stringer’s career was over.

To create the semblance that he was communicating with the faculty, Thames ordained the creation of a body consisting of faculty, staff, and student representatives handpicked by administrators; more recently, he has proposed to expand it. Initially it was known as the President’s University Council, but after it became clear that the preferred pronounciation for PUC was"puke," the name was changed to President’s Council. Thames has made a few pretend concessions to the PUC/PC. Most importantly, he said he would consider a proposal to limit email surveillance by requiring that the President submit a formal request to intercept an employee's email to a committee that would include two faculty members. This was namby-pamby to begin with, and if adopted it would put no curbs on Thames at all. If he wanted to spy on anyone, he would simply order the surveillance done without bothering to mention it to the committee. The proposal included no penalties for noncompliance, and there is no way Thames would accept any that did. There is a lot more that the USM faculty could be doing on the email surveillance issue; I'll return to that in a future post.

Finally, the Hattiesburg American and the Gulfport Sun Herald are still publishing pro-Thames letters (nearly all written by older USM alumni) as well as anti-Thames letters. Informed sources report that Thames has personally encouraged alumni to write letters that denounce the faculty as lazy, good-for-nothing whiners and demand blind obedience to Thames’ every whim. Thames still hasn't realized that by soliciting these letters he is working to keep USM’s troubles in the newspapers, and guaranteeing that the faculty will continue to oppose him. Thames will not regain his customary level of control of USM until the regional media stop shadowing every bad decision and every foolish statement. So long as the letter-writing continues, he will not be able to concentrate on his de facto objective of tearing down USM.

I also think that Thames has permanently lost what he thought was his biggest weapon—the power to fire tenured professors on trumped-up charges. And not just because the lawyer who told him he could do it (Jack Hanbury) has been fired. But that is a topic for a future post.

For breaking news, follow the message board on the Web site of USM's AAUP chapter.


Friday, June 25, 2004 - 15:15


Pat Lynch
I got into a huge argument with a friend in the UK last week about media bias. I claimed that while conservative howling over a thoroughly left-wing biased might be overstated, it was obvious that most major news outlets are dominated by liberal leaning reporters. Inevitably that makes objectivity impossible. He disagreed based some research he's done on news content, but we both agreed that a much bigger problem is that reporters aren't trained to know much about the stories that must write.

However I am going to send him this disgustingly heroic story about Ralph Nadar that I was forced to listen to on NPR yesterday (small confession, when I jog I either listen to CD's or the radio, and in Indianapolis, it's either country music or NPR.....perhaps I should consider silence).

However it's not just the socialists at NPR who can't stop talking about Nadar. Check out this Seattle Times op-ed on him. The friggin guy is everywhere.

Setting aside the fact that Nadar is annoying self-righteous and morally replusive on a variety of issues, most notably markets and free trade, he's also not the only third party candidate who may very well influence this election. Why doesn't the press even bother to consider Michael Badnarik? If he can pull conservative votes away from Bush, and he almost certainly will, doesn't that have the same impact has Nadar? Oh yeah, I forgot that Badnarik hasn't heroically saved us all from Pintos that were never dangerous to begin with.


Thursday, June 24, 2004 - 09:39


King Banaian
(Crossposted at SCSU Scholars.)

According to Michael Tinkler, the British marquee universities have caught on to teaching-for-profit very late in the game.

They are all busy recruiting American students for one year degrees - a Masters of Studies, at Oxford. Oxford, you see, has decided to move from its current position of approximately 75% undergraduates to parity between undergrads and grads by 2007 (no one thought they'd make it that soon, but think that by 2010 it's pretty likely). You see, graduate students pay higher fees, and if they're non-citizens they pay full tuition -- which my informants pointed out is STILL less than the Ivy League, even if you add in a single round-trip airfare.

All this is leading up to the factoid that surprised me the most. University College, Oxford, set up the first regular alumni fund-raising scheme at Oxford or Cambridge in the late 1980s.

It struck me that Oxbridge colleges are something like American state universities in this way -- very late comers to the money game. The retired Whatchamacallit Professor of Modern History told me that, indeed, they had been embarassed to ask until it was almost too late. Now they're shifting the entire balance of who and what they teach to try to regain some fiscal independence from their government funders. (Emphasis mine.)

That's probably right, but I think Tinkler has missed an additional point here. There are two money sources for a state universities aside its operating revenue from tuition and fees. It can get state subsidies or it can raise funds from alumni. Targeted marketing has become far more productive lately -- I think my colleagues here at SCSU who work on nonprofits will attest to the declining cost of fundraising. Simultaneously, the decline of liberalism in America has made political officeholders less willing to throw dollars at every school willy-nilly. If you think about the effort needed to raise another dollar through fundraising and another dollar through lobbying, the Age of Reagan and Thatcher has probably made the former less costly relative to the latter. That would induce the type of behavior Tinkler now sees.

Thursday, June 24, 2004 - 10:30


Radley Balko
Sadly, just one of the stories below is parody. Without clicking, can you guess which one it is?

1) The Beastie Boys install a virus that damages the computers of fans who try to rip MP3s from their new CD.

2) RIAA sues vehicle owners who share radio music with passengers.

3) Orin Hatch wants to criminalize P2P software under a theory of"inducement." And he wants to do it"for the children." Says Hatch:"In the film 'Chitty Chitty Bang Bang,' the leering 'Child Catcher' lured children into danger with false promises of 'free lollipops. Tragically, some corporations now seem to think that they can legally profit by inducing children to steal; that they can legally lure children and others with false promises of 'free music.'"

4) Campaign finance reform supporter Michael Moore could be banned from promoting his movie after July 30 because of campaign finance reform.

5) Your"War on Drugs" White House wants to implement a federally-funded, nationwide screening program for mental illness that would identify cases in childhood, then recommend pharmaceutical remedies sold by campaign donors. The program's Orwellian name:"The New Freedom Initiative."


Thursday, June 24, 2004 - 11:21


Wendy McElroy
In what could be a disagreement with Pat Lynch's evaluation, I think Ralph Nader is likely to be the Y2K of the upcoming election. That's the latest wisdom on how the much-ballyhooed Nader will effect the November elections: namely, not at all. So many people are abandoning him that there is now a Repentant Nader Voter site. As an on-site photo indicates, the group's bumper sticker consists of an old"Unrepentant Nader Voter" one with a piece of duct tape over the"Un." I mean, how unpopular among anti-Republicans does a candidate who openly hates Bush have to be for the Congressional Black Caucus to publicly turn against him? Pretty darned. Meanwhile, injecting Zionist conspiracy theories into his election campaign isn't helping him with the Jewish vote. Even the former Nader Raiders are asking him to step down. Further on the"this guy can't catch a break" theme, people are expressing disappointment in Nader's choice of VP candidate."Peter Camejo, a former Socialist Workers Party candidate for president who set up a socially responsible investment firm and then ran for governor of California as a Green Party candidate. Camejo's smart, he's of Venezuelan descent and speaks fluent Spanish and he has a history of involvement with worthy political causes." But Camejo isn't a woman he has been candid about that -- unlike Nader's VP choice for the last election.

For more commentary, please see McBlog.


Thursday, June 24, 2004 - 11:35


Chris Matthew Sciabarra

The American Film Institute's tribute to the top 100 movie songs of all time was an entertaining special, televised last night on the CBS network. One could quibble with the inclusion or exclusion of this or that song. Indeed, I was very sorry that my favorite Michel Legrand song (with lyrics by Alan and Marilyn Bergman),"What are you doing the rest of your life?, from the movie,"The Happy Ending" was totally overlooked ... even in the nominations list! Legrand's masterpiece, which was recently revisited by American Idol winner Fantasia Barrino, lost the 1969 Best Song Oscar to"Raindrops Keep Falling on My Head" from"Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid," but it remains one of the classics of the Great American Songbook.

In any event, one certainly cannot quibble with a list that includes everything from Harold Arlen's"Wizard of Oz" perennial,"Over the Rainbow" to Johnny Mandel's"Sandpiper" theme,"The Shadow of Your Smile." Three Cheers to AFI for a poignant trip down memory lane.


Wednesday, June 23, 2004 - 09:31


David T. Beito
David Bernstein has stated his own case for Harding revisionism at the Volokh Conspiracy.

Wednesday, June 23, 2004 - 12:44


Pat Lynch
As we approach the U.S."hand-off" of power in Iraq to the Iraqi interim government I thought it might be useful to blog a bit more objectively about what probably will happen, rather then what we'd all like to see happen.

OK, we're not leaving anytime soon. Bush isn't leaving because he can't, and Kerry wouldn't leave because as much as the left wants him to be a peace candidate, no one wants the"instability" that mainstream analysts and foreign policy armchair quarterbacks predict would occur if we left. Those of us who believe we are making things worse off have to take this for granted.

So where does this leave us? Fareed Zakaria's piece in the TNR on line gives us what I suspect is the best we can realistically hope for. He argues, with some validity, that if we compare Iraq to Afghanistan it might be possible to see a brighter future for the country once we take a more multilateral approach to rebuilding the country. Clearly recent actions and statements by the Bush team lead one to believe that we're now heading down the multilateral path in Iraq.

What Zakaria fails to mention is the significant ethnic division in Iraq that is less problematic in Afghanistan. Iraq was a creation of the British, and like much of Africa it would not have existed if its citizens had been given the freedom to organize their society. As defenders of liberty, one possible"real world" alternative would be to promote a much more truly federal state in Iraq that would allow the different ethnic groups greater autonomy and an exit option. But rather then let this happen the foreign policy folks continue to think, too strictly, in short-term IR terms rather then long term reality. Even if the Turks don't want an independent Kurdish state we have to weigh that with a messy situation in Iraq that is simply untenable.

I for one remain unconvinced that forcing a country that probably should be three separate states to remain together is neither wise nor possible. We've allowed the former Yugoslavia to break up, and we've relented significantly in Africa on our once sacred policy of respecting national boundaries regardless of how those lines were drawn. If we were to take a more aggressive federal approach in Iraq I think it might help to defuse the current tension, but that may simply be the political scientist in me talking.


Wednesday, June 23, 2004 - 13:05


Wendy McElroy
In yesterday's McBlog, I posted the observation,"The IRS seized Tax Rebel Larken Rose's computers over a year ago, but have apparently been unable to find any actual tax violations to charge him with during all this time. Now, suddenly, after more than a year of scrying, the IRS suddenly claims to have found `kiddie porn' on these machines." As well as expanding their jurisdiction to include disclosures of child pornography, the IRS seems to be assuming regulatory powers over the wages that charities pay their executives. The stated justification:"The rules governing charities and private foundations say they cannot pay executives more than reasonable compensation. Excessive compensation can be penalized by excise taxes. A group's tax-exempt status can be revoked if trustees, founders, directors or others use the charity for their own benefit." Since there are tax rules/exemptions governing a a vast of businesses -- and especially corporations -- the justification of"just checking on the tax status" could easily be expanded. Moreover, implicit in the investigations is the notion that the IRS rather than some other regulatory factor -- like the free market -- should define what is a"reasonable salary" for a given position. The IRS is clearly gearing up to launch a major assault on wallets across the U.S. It is not merely that IRS Commissioner Mark Everson has vowed an"aggressive program" of examining charities. Or that the agency seems determined to"get" tax rebels by any means, including smearing them as pedophiles. Consider this news item:"Suspect your company is cheating the IRS out of millions in taxes? Pass along the inside information to the Internal Revenue Service and you stand to collect up to 30 percent of taxes and penalties recovered under whistle-blower legislation aimed at snaring high-dollar tax cheats." Aggressive, yes, but the flexing of new muscle is not unpredictable. On November 23, 2003, political activist Robert R. Raymond {{link reported,"In a precendent-setting case, the IRS wielded new power to punish the political speech of those who"espouse views" the government considers"inconsistent" with government-held beliefs. In a hearing originally closed to the public in a secret tribunal on a military island, but moved to a public location after protests from the press and the public, the IRS wants to wield this power against a former IRS whistleblower, who was forced to resign upon his discovery of fraud in the agency. After monitoring and taping the whisteblower's appearances on Sixty Minutes, talk radio shows, and political publications where he rebroadcast his findings of IRS fraud, the IRS initiated this inquisition against their former whistelblower. This new power may find new political targets soon enough."

For more commentary, please visit McBlog.


Wednesday, June 23, 2004 - 14:52


Roderick T. Long
[cross-posted at Austro-Athenian Empire]

I've made two discoveries that I highly recommend.

One is a website called onelook.com/reverse-dictionary.shtml. On this site one can type in a definition and get a list of all the words that definition might fit -- a task it seems amazingly good at.

The other is a libertarian science-fiction trilogy by John C. Wright, comprising The Golden Age, The Phoenix Exultant, and The Golden Transcendence. (Thanks to Stephan Kinsella and Kevin Vallier for the recommendation.) While from a literary standpoint it's nothing spectacular, this thoughtful, imaginative, and suspenseful tale of a libertarian hero in rebellion against a libertarian utopia is definitely worth reading. Wright avoids the usual clichés of libertarian fiction by portraying conflicts among different varieties of libertarians, rather than between libertarians and statist oppressors. Even the most despicably evil characters turn out to be basing their actions, in a twisted way, on libertarian premises of a sort. And every time you think you've figured out the who, what, and why of the plot, Wright tosses a new surprise your way.

The books are also filled with sly references to delight both libertarians and science-fiction fans -- from Asimov’s three laws of robotics (mercilessly skewered here) and Lovecraft's"rugose cones" (who talk like Randian villains) to Spencerian sociology, Mises' Law of Association, and lines lifted from Roark’s courtroom speech. The dominant philosophical influence here is clearly Rand; even the main character's name is as much a nod to an incident in Atlas Shrugged as it is to Greek mythology, and a central plot point in the third book turns on the truth or falsity of Randian doctrine.

Along the way many issues of current contention in libertarian and/or Randian circles get raised and dramatised, including punishment, military ethics, survival-versus-flourishing, and Sciabarra-style concerns about the cultural prerequisites for liberty. And what other book features a Greek demigod and a Shunyavada Buddhist debating polylogism and spontaneous order while plunging into a star aboard a thousand-mile-long spaceship?

The only aspect that marred my enjoyment somewhat (apart from the inexplicably frequent misspellings and the like – can't Tor Books afford copyeditors?) is the presence of ludicrously antiquated gender stereotypes that one would be embarrassed to include in a novel set in the present day, let alone in a future thousands of years distant, populated by super-intelligent cybernetic minds who leap from one synthetic body to another at the drop of a hat. Good grief. Too much Heinlein, I suspect. (And oh yeah, one more thing -- the Oeconomicus is not Xenophon’s only surviving Socratic dialogue.)

Wednesday, June 23, 2004 - 15:41


Gene Healy
foto_calamityjane3.jpg

Like Radley, I'm a big fan of HBO's Deadwood. If you feel the same, you may enjoy this link, which has some information on the historical characters the show's based on, like Calamity Jane, above. Turns out Al Swearengen was a real guy, and about as vile as the character played by Ian MacShane:"Proprietor Al Swearengen recruited women from the States, assuring them of jobs in hotels or respectable homes, and the thrill of adventure on the Western frontier. When the women arrived in Deadwood they found that they were stranded, victims of a virtual white slave trade, forced to work in abominable conditions and perform disreputable acts."

However well-grounded in actual events, the cursing strikes me as anachronistic. Not because I think cowboys talked like Jimmy Stewart. But I doubt that a certain appellation peppered throughout the dialogue was really the curse of choice in the late 19th century.

Was life on the stateless frontier really so Hobbesian? Terry Anderson and P.J. Hill have argued otherwise. But human nature being what it is, it shouldn't surprise us that the state of nature is sometimes Lord of the Flies instead of Little House on the Prairie. And that's the way it goes when the state enters the picture as well.


Wednesday, June 23, 2004 - 15:51


Pat Lynch
Last year a friend confided to me that a prominent WSJ reporter had been told by then candidate Arnold Schwarzenegger that he was essentially a closet libertarian who could help to lead the national Republican party towards our side. I was, and still remain, skeptical about the Terminator, but this NYT piece about Governor Arnold certainly peaks my interest. Social moderate, fiscal conservative, and already at odds with Bush. What's not to like?

Wednesday, June 23, 2004 - 23:15


David T. Beito
I have already mentioned that as part of research for an upcoming lecture on the New Deal and blacks I have been looking through old issues of the Chicago Defender. The Defender was, and is, the leading black newspaper in the United States.

While it had many articles in favor (at least in part) of the New Deal, these were repeatedly counterbalanced by anti-New Deal articles and cartoons. Much of what I found is not only at odds with standard accounts in the history survey texts but is consistent with the interpretation of David E. Bernstein's excellent Only One Place of Redress: African Americans, Labor Regulations, and the Courts from Reconstruction to the New Deal, a book that should be on the shelf of every self-respecting historian of black history.

Blacks in the Chicago Defender and elsewhere typically attacked the New Deal's sacred cow, the National Recovery Administration, as the"Negro Run Around,""Negroes Ruined Again," and"Negro Removal Act." On June 8, 1935, the Chicago Defender editorially applauded the U.S. Supreme Court's decision to strike down the NRA as unconstitutional. The editorial, titled"GENTLEMEN, THE CONSTITUTION," declared:

"The NRA, a gigantic house of sand, would not stand; the foundation was built upon theories of government which had no part in the framework of our national Constitution. The whole scheme represented the ultimate cordiality of campus opinions by men and women whose ideas of economic and social security found life and stimulus in a dissembling mirage of old-world viewpoints.

The nation is fortunate that these could find no safe harbor in the opinions of the highest court: had this decision been otherwise, the whole order of the established system of our American life would have been changed. Not only changed, but placed in hands whose only conception of democracy was predicated upon the illusions and delusions that they were the State....the Court again says to the country: 'Gentlemen, the Constitution.'"


Tuesday, June 22, 2004 - 17:29


Roderick T. Long
[cross-posted at Austro-Athenian Empire]

LRC is"reprinting" two of my articles on the libertarian aspects of ancient Athens: The Athenian Constitution: Government by Jury and Referendum and Civil Society in Ancient Greece: The Case of Athens. (For the original versions see here and here.)

The articles were written in 1996 and 1998, respectively, and my thinking has undergone various sorts of evolution since, so I'm not prepared to stand by everything I said in them; but I certainly still endorse their central thesis: Contrary to the claims of so many historians, ancient Athens was neither a majoritarian, mob-rule democracy nor an organic, communitarian collective; instead, it was in many respects a quasi-anarchistic free-market constitutional republic -- and thus, like medieval Iceland, a valuable model for our libertarian future.

In addition to the sources cited in the articles, today I would recommend M. H. Hansen's wonderful book Polis and City-State: An Ancient Concept and Its Modern Equivalent, a devastating critique of modern-day mythology about the polis.

Tuesday, June 22, 2004 - 13:56


Sheldon Richman
If you thought the Bush administration couldn’t get worse, you’re in for a surprise. It’s about to launch a national mental-illness screening/treatment program modeled on a Texas scheme that is spending a fortune in tax money handing out powerful drugs and which has been under suspicion of corruption involving—what else?—drug companies. (The whistleblower has been fired.)

Of course the government’s schools will be in the frontlines in the search for mental disease. That would be bad enough if mental illness were real rather than metaphorical. But considering that the term masks a pseudoscientific exercise in the control of people who don’t live by accepted social rules, the program is especially ominous. Is This Perfect Day upon us? Forced diagnosis and treatment of counterfeit illnesses—I’m sure glad we have an advocate of limited government in the White House. See here. Nods to Jeff Schaler.


Monday, June 21, 2004 - 09:07